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How to solve indices and logarithm equation on MTH 111→ Past question and answer

THE DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS
FIRST SEMESTER TEST 2020/2021
CLASS: ND1 civil Engineering
COURSE CODE: MTH 111
COURSE TITLE: Algebra and Element

  1. 3^x = 7; XLog3base3 = Log7base3
    Recall, Log3base3 = 1 (reason is that, Log of the same base = 1)
    X × 1 = Log7base3
    X = Log7base3 ( Find Log 7 base 3 ) [check the picture above, to get the clearer view of the question]X = 1.78
    (ii) 2^x + 2^-x = 2
    Solution
    2^x + 1/2^X = 2 [ any number raise to power minus sign(-) is inverse of that number]2^x + 1/2^X = 2 ( find l.c.m)
    (4x^2 + 1)/2x =2 [ cross multiply ]4x^2 + 1 =2 × 2x
    4x^2 + 1 = 4x
    4x^2 – 4x + 1 =0
    Using factorization method,
    (4x^2 – 2x) –( 2x + 1) =0 [ hint: what’s common in the both side]2x (2x – 1) -1(2x-1) = 0
    (2x – 1)(2x-1) = 0
    (2x – 1) appears twice
    2x – 1 = 0
    2x = 1 [ divide both side by 2]X = ½(twice)
To check if our answer is correct, put X as ½ into the real equation

2x + 1/2X = 2
2½ + 1/2½ = 2
1.414 + 0.707 = 2 ( approximately)
Therefore; the answer is correct
b. simplify Log125
base ⅕
solution
Log125base⅕ = Log125base5–¹
Let the both be in base 5
Log125base5 ÷ Log5–¹base5
Log5³base5 ÷ Log5–¹base5
3Log5base5 ÷ -1Log5base5
3÷-1 = -3
[check the picture above, to get the clearer view of the question]

(II) Prove that LOGaBASEb × LOGbBASEc × LOGcBASEa = 1
We’ll also apply the same thing to this, only that their bases will be different

LOGaBASEb × LOGbBASEc × LOGcBASEa
(LogaBASEa ÷ LogbBASEb) × (LogbBASEb ÷ LogcBASEc) ×( LogcBASEc ÷ LogaBASEa)
As we know that; Log of the same base = 1

1/1 × 1/1 × 1/1 = 1 × 1 × 1
=1
[check the picture above, to get the clearer view of the question]
C. If Log2BASE5 = 0.431 and Log3BASE5 =0.682, evaluate Log4/9BASE5

Solution
evaluate Log4/9BASE5 = Log4BASE5 ÷ Log9BASE5
Log2²BASE5 ÷ Log3²BASE5 = 2Log2BASE5 ÷ 2Log3BASE5
USE CALCULATOR

(2 × 0.431) ÷ ( 2 × 0.682)
0.862/1.364 = 0.632( approximately)

[check the picture above, to get the clearer view of the question]
YOU CAN DO IT

Oluwamuyide Peter

On the 4th of November I officially became a member of the exclusive 1st student with distinction after five years of no such record, in the history of The Polytechnic Ibadan, Faculty of Engineering to graduate with distinction as a DPP students since its establishment in 2011. My unrelenting power to solve problems, have made me to create a platform where student can get valid information anywhere, anyplace at anytime Evolving education world wide 🌎

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